Habitats

Spain stands out in the European context for its great diversity of habitats, from hyper-humid forests to deserts, through pre-steppic scrublands, or cereal steppes of anthropic origin. In Spain, 56% of the habitat types of community interest identified in the Habitats Directive are present.

This diversity is due to various reasons, among which the pronounced orography stands out, the presence of 4 terrestrial biogeographic regions (Mediterranean, Atlantic, Alpine, Macaronesian) and 3 marine regions (Atlantic, Macaronesian and Mediterranean), insularity, highlighting the archipelagos Balearic and Canary Islands, the socio-ecological history of the territory, as well as the border position of Spain with the African continent.