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en Long-Term Dynamic in Nutrients, Chlorophyll a, and Water Quality Parameters in a Coastal Lagoon During a Process of Eutrophication for Decades, a Sudden Break and a Relatively Rapid Recovery -
Modificado el valor del campo
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del recurso Distribución HTML a2026-06-25
(anteriormente2026-06-23
) en Long-Term Dynamic in Nutrients, Chlorophyll a, and Water Quality Parameters in a Coastal Lagoon During a Process of Eutrophication for Decades, a Sudden Break and a Relatively Rapid Recovery
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| 97 | "notes": "Coastal lagoons are considered among the marine habitats | 107 | "notes": "Coastal lagoons are considered among the marine habitats | ||
| 98 | with the highest biological productivity, and support a great variety | 108 | with the highest biological productivity, and support a great variety | ||
| 99 | of human activities and pressures that make them especially vulnerable | 109 | of human activities and pressures that make them especially vulnerable | ||
| 100 | to trophic imbalances. While dystrophic crises are common in many | 110 | to trophic imbalances. While dystrophic crises are common in many | ||
| 101 | lagoons, others like the Mar Menor show homeostatic mechanisms, high | 111 | lagoons, others like the Mar Menor show homeostatic mechanisms, high | ||
| 102 | resilience, and clear waters. This paper analyses the water column | 112 | resilience, and clear waters. This paper analyses the water column | ||
| 103 | descriptors dynamic during the last 22 years in this coastal lagoon, | 113 | descriptors dynamic during the last 22 years in this coastal lagoon, | ||
| 104 | in the context of a eutrophication process produced by an increase in | 114 | in the context of a eutrophication process produced by an increase in | ||
| 105 | nutrient inputs, mainly derived from agriculture. Despite water column | 115 | nutrient inputs, mainly derived from agriculture. Despite water column | ||
| 106 | nitrate concentration increased by one order of magnitude, the lagoon | 116 | nitrate concentration increased by one order of magnitude, the lagoon | ||
| 107 | maintained homeostatic regulation for two decades, keeping the water | 117 | maintained homeostatic regulation for two decades, keeping the water | ||
| 108 | transparency and relatively low levels of nutrients and chlorophyll a | 118 | transparency and relatively low levels of nutrients and chlorophyll a | ||
| 109 | (Prebreak phase), followed by a sudden change of state in 2016 with an | 119 | (Prebreak phase), followed by a sudden change of state in 2016 with an | ||
| 110 | abrupt increase in average nutrients and chlorophyll a concentration | 120 | abrupt increase in average nutrients and chlorophyll a concentration | ||
| 111 | and loss of water transparency (Break phase), and a relatively rapid | 121 | and loss of water transparency (Break phase), and a relatively rapid | ||
| 112 | recovery after the reduction of nutrient discharges (Recovery phase). | 122 | recovery after the reduction of nutrient discharges (Recovery phase). | ||
| 113 | The activation of the regulation mechanisms seems to manifest through | 123 | The activation of the regulation mechanisms seems to manifest through | ||
| 114 | an ammonium production in the water column, as a consequence of the | 124 | an ammonium production in the water column, as a consequence of the | ||
| 115 | activity in the trophic web. The low correlation between chlorophyll a | 125 | activity in the trophic web. The low correlation between chlorophyll a | ||
| 116 | and nutrients concentration, mainly at small spatio-temporal scales, | 126 | and nutrients concentration, mainly at small spatio-temporal scales, | ||
| 117 | is in disagreement with eutrophication traditional models, and | 127 | is in disagreement with eutrophication traditional models, and | ||
| 118 | suggests a rapid response of primary producers to nutrient inputs and | 128 | suggests a rapid response of primary producers to nutrient inputs and | ||
| 119 | a zooplankton control in the short-term, which in turn is controlled | 129 | a zooplankton control in the short-term, which in turn is controlled | ||
| 120 | by the rest of the trophic web components. Homeostatic properties that | 130 | by the rest of the trophic web components. Homeostatic properties that | ||
| 121 | in the Mar Menor lagoon have provided resistance to eutrophication are | 131 | in the Mar Menor lagoon have provided resistance to eutrophication are | ||
| 122 | based on several mechanisms: channeling its production toward the | 132 | based on several mechanisms: channeling its production toward the | ||
| 123 | benthic system (maintaining high biomasses of primary producers, | 133 | benthic system (maintaining high biomasses of primary producers, | ||
| 124 | filter feeders, and detritivores), a top-down control of the pelagic | 134 | filter feeders, and detritivores), a top-down control of the pelagic | ||
| 125 | trophic web exerted by ichthyoplankton and jellyfish, and exporting | 135 | trophic web exerted by ichthyoplankton and jellyfish, and exporting | ||
| 126 | surplus production outside the system. Resilience of the system would | 136 | surplus production outside the system. Resilience of the system would | ||
| 127 | be based on the high turnover in the species composition related to | 137 | be based on the high turnover in the species composition related to | ||
| 128 | the restricted connectivity to the sea, the spatio-temporal | 138 | the restricted connectivity to the sea, the spatio-temporal | ||
| 129 | variability of the environmental conditions, and the multiplicity of | 139 | variability of the environmental conditions, and the multiplicity of | ||
| 130 | spatial-temporal scales involved in lagoon processes. TRIX index was | 140 | spatial-temporal scales involved in lagoon processes. TRIX index was | ||
| 131 | sensitive to the trophic and water quality changes. However, in our | 141 | sensitive to the trophic and water quality changes. However, in our | ||
| 132 | study, its current score does not allow to anticipate or alert the | 142 | study, its current score does not allow to anticipate or alert the | ||
| 133 | eutrophication risk and the trophic breakpoint of the system.", | 143 | eutrophication risk and the trophic breakpoint of the system.", | ||
| 134 | "notes_translated": { | 144 | "notes_translated": { | ||
| 135 | "es": "Coastal lagoons are considered among the marine habitats | 145 | "es": "Coastal lagoons are considered among the marine habitats | ||
| 136 | with the highest biological productivity, and support a great variety | 146 | with the highest biological productivity, and support a great variety | ||
| 137 | of human activities and pressures that make them especially vulnerable | 147 | of human activities and pressures that make them especially vulnerable | ||
| 138 | to trophic imbalances. While dystrophic crises are common in many | 148 | to trophic imbalances. While dystrophic crises are common in many | ||
| 139 | lagoons, others like the Mar Menor show homeostatic mechanisms, high | 149 | lagoons, others like the Mar Menor show homeostatic mechanisms, high | ||
| 140 | resilience, and clear waters. This paper analyses the water column | 150 | resilience, and clear waters. This paper analyses the water column | ||
| 141 | descriptors dynamic during the last 22 years in this coastal lagoon, | 151 | descriptors dynamic during the last 22 years in this coastal lagoon, | ||
| 142 | in the context of a eutrophication process produced by an increase in | 152 | in the context of a eutrophication process produced by an increase in | ||
| 143 | nutrient inputs, mainly derived from agriculture. Despite water column | 153 | nutrient inputs, mainly derived from agriculture. Despite water column | ||
| 144 | nitrate concentration increased by one order of magnitude, the lagoon | 154 | nitrate concentration increased by one order of magnitude, the lagoon | ||
| 145 | maintained homeostatic regulation for two decades, keeping the water | 155 | maintained homeostatic regulation for two decades, keeping the water | ||
| 146 | transparency and relatively low levels of nutrients and chlorophyll a | 156 | transparency and relatively low levels of nutrients and chlorophyll a | ||
| 147 | (Prebreak phase), followed by a sudden change of state in 2016 with an | 157 | (Prebreak phase), followed by a sudden change of state in 2016 with an | ||
| 148 | abrupt increase in average nutrients and chlorophyll a concentration | 158 | abrupt increase in average nutrients and chlorophyll a concentration | ||
| 149 | and loss of water transparency (Break phase), and a relatively rapid | 159 | and loss of water transparency (Break phase), and a relatively rapid | ||
| 150 | recovery after the reduction of nutrient discharges (Recovery phase). | 160 | recovery after the reduction of nutrient discharges (Recovery phase). | ||
| 151 | The activation of the regulation mechanisms seems to manifest through | 161 | The activation of the regulation mechanisms seems to manifest through | ||
| 152 | an ammonium production in the water column, as a consequence of the | 162 | an ammonium production in the water column, as a consequence of the | ||
| 153 | activity in the trophic web. The low correlation between chlorophyll a | 163 | activity in the trophic web. The low correlation between chlorophyll a | ||
| 154 | and nutrients concentration, mainly at small spatio-temporal scales, | 164 | and nutrients concentration, mainly at small spatio-temporal scales, | ||
| 155 | is in disagreement with eutrophication traditional models, and | 165 | is in disagreement with eutrophication traditional models, and | ||
| 156 | suggests a rapid response of primary producers to nutrient inputs and | 166 | suggests a rapid response of primary producers to nutrient inputs and | ||
| 157 | a zooplankton control in the short-term, which in turn is controlled | 167 | a zooplankton control in the short-term, which in turn is controlled | ||
| 158 | by the rest of the trophic web components. Homeostatic properties that | 168 | by the rest of the trophic web components. Homeostatic properties that | ||
| 159 | in the Mar Menor lagoon have provided resistance to eutrophication are | 169 | in the Mar Menor lagoon have provided resistance to eutrophication are | ||
| 160 | based on several mechanisms: channeling its production toward the | 170 | based on several mechanisms: channeling its production toward the | ||
| 161 | benthic system (maintaining high biomasses of primary producers, | 171 | benthic system (maintaining high biomasses of primary producers, | ||
| 162 | filter feeders, and detritivores), a top-down control of the pelagic | 172 | filter feeders, and detritivores), a top-down control of the pelagic | ||
| 163 | trophic web exerted by ichthyoplankton and jellyfish, and exporting | 173 | trophic web exerted by ichthyoplankton and jellyfish, and exporting | ||
| 164 | surplus production outside the system. Resilience of the system would | 174 | surplus production outside the system. Resilience of the system would | ||
| 165 | be based on the high turnover in the species composition related to | 175 | be based on the high turnover in the species composition related to | ||
| 166 | the restricted connectivity to the sea, the spatio-temporal | 176 | the restricted connectivity to the sea, the spatio-temporal | ||
| 167 | variability of the environmental conditions, and the multiplicity of | 177 | variability of the environmental conditions, and the multiplicity of | ||
| 168 | spatial-temporal scales involved in lagoon processes. TRIX index was | 178 | spatial-temporal scales involved in lagoon processes. TRIX index was | ||
| 169 | sensitive to the trophic and water quality changes. However, in our | 179 | sensitive to the trophic and water quality changes. However, in our | ||
| 170 | study, its current score does not allow to anticipate or alert the | 180 | study, its current score does not allow to anticipate or alert the | ||
| 171 | eutrophication risk and the trophic breakpoint of the system." | 181 | eutrophication risk and the trophic breakpoint of the system." | ||
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