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En el instante 25 de junio de 2026, 12:30:56 UTC,
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Modificado el valor del campo
modified
a2026-06-25
en Bats and invertebrates provide evidence of ecoducts’ role as key elements of the green infrastructure. -
Modificado el valor del campo
modified
del recurso Acceso al recurso a2026-06-25
(anteriormente2026-06-23
) en Bats and invertebrates provide evidence of ecoducts’ role as key elements of the green infrastructure.
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| 82 | "name": "b32df36b-1e2f-5d38-b3f7-0540feca7eb3", | 96 | "name": "b32df36b-1e2f-5d38-b3f7-0540feca7eb3", | ||
| 83 | "notes": "Large overpasses, called ecoducts or green bridges, are | 97 | "notes": "Large overpasses, called ecoducts or green bridges, are | ||
| 84 | considered one of the best options for providing ecological | 98 | considered one of the best options for providing ecological | ||
| 85 | connections across linear transport infrastructures. In Catalonia (NE | 99 | connections across linear transport infrastructures. In Catalonia (NE | ||
| 86 | Spain), several ecoducts have been constructed over roads and | 100 | Spain), several ecoducts have been constructed over roads and | ||
| 87 | railways. Two of them (155 and 86 m wide) were built over the newly | 101 | railways. Two of them (155 and 86 m wide) were built over the newly | ||
| 88 | fenced C-37 road, which opened in 2009 in a mountain forest area. A | 102 | fenced C-37 road, which opened in 2009 in a mountain forest area. A | ||
| 89 | monitoring project was undertaken from November 2014 to July 2015, to | 103 | monitoring project was undertaken from November 2014 to July 2015, to | ||
| 90 | determine which species of invertebrates and vertebrates used the | 104 | determine which species of invertebrates and vertebrates used the | ||
| 91 | structures and their surroundings. Different monitoring techniques | 105 | structures and their surroundings. Different monitoring techniques | ||
| 92 | were applied, including invertebrate and small mammal traps, photo and | 106 | were applied, including invertebrate and small mammal traps, photo and | ||
| 93 | video cameras, bird censuses and bat detectors. This presentation | 107 | video cameras, bird censuses and bat detectors. This presentation | ||
| 94 | focuses on invertebrates and bats, which are often excluded from | 108 | focuses on invertebrates and bats, which are often excluded from | ||
| 95 | monitoring of wildlife passages. Invertebrates were captured in the | 109 | monitoring of wildlife passages. Invertebrates were captured in the | ||
| 96 | ground layer in a network of 27 sample points. Entomology nets were | 110 | ground layer in a network of 27 sample points. Entomology nets were | ||
| 97 | used to capture animals found in the herbaceous vegetation and bushes. | 111 | used to capture animals found in the herbaceous vegetation and bushes. | ||
| 98 | The taxa determination was undertaken with the help of binocular | 112 | The taxa determination was undertaken with the help of binocular | ||
| 99 | equipment (an in-depth study of the samples is still underway). Bats | 113 | equipment (an in-depth study of the samples is still underway). Bats | ||
| 100 | were detected by two bat detectors (Song Meter SM3, Wildlife | 114 | were detected by two bat detectors (Song Meter SM3, Wildlife | ||
| 101 | Acoustics), equipped with SMXUS microphones. Two detectors were | 115 | Acoustics), equipped with SMXUS microphones. Two detectors were | ||
| 102 | activated simultaneously from 21 to 24 h on 22 consecutive nights in | 116 | activated simultaneously from 21 to 24 h on 22 consecutive nights in | ||
| 103 | the spring. Species were identified using SonoBat V.3.3.1 and | 117 | the spring. Species were identified using SonoBat V.3.3.1 and | ||
| 104 | Avisoft-SASLab Pro V.5.2.01 software. The number of records was | 118 | Avisoft-SASLab Pro V.5.2.01 software. The number of records was | ||
| 105 | counted, and the species were determined when possible, as some | 119 | counted, and the species were determined when possible, as some | ||
| 106 | species cannot be differentiated by ultrasound registration. A total | 120 | species cannot be differentiated by ultrasound registration. A total | ||
| 107 | of 179 invertebrate taxa were identified: 45 in the ground soil and | 121 | of 179 invertebrate taxa were identified: 45 in the ground soil and | ||
| 108 | 134 in the vegetation. The most abundant and diverse groups were | 122 | 134 in the vegetation. The most abundant and diverse groups were | ||
| 109 | Heteroptera, Homoptera, Orthoptera and Coleoptera in the vegetation; | 123 | Heteroptera, Homoptera, Orthoptera and Coleoptera in the vegetation; | ||
| 110 | and Hymenoptera, Arachnida and Diplopoda in the ground layer. A total | 124 | and Hymenoptera, Arachnida and Diplopoda in the ground layer. A total | ||
| 111 | of 2,775 bat records were obtained, of which 94% were registered over | 125 | of 2,775 bat records were obtained, of which 94% were registered over | ||
| 112 | the ecoduct, and the remaining 6% in the surroundings. Most records | 126 | the ecoduct, and the remaining 6% in the surroundings. Most records | ||
| 113 | were of moving bats (95%), 3.7% were hunting, and 1% were engaged in | 127 | were of moving bats (95%), 3.7% were hunting, and 1% were engaged in | ||
| 114 | social activity. At least 11 species were identified using the | 128 | social activity. At least 11 species were identified using the | ||
| 115 | ecoduct: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposideros, Myotis | 129 | ecoduct: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposideros, Myotis | ||
| 116 | myotis/blythii, Myotis emarginatus, Myotis daubentonii/capaccinii, | 130 | myotis/blythii, Myotis emarginatus, Myotis daubentonii/capaccinii, | ||
| 117 | Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus kuhlii/nathusii, Pipistrellus | 131 | Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus kuhlii/nathusii, Pipistrellus | ||
| 118 | pygmaeus/Miniopterus schreibersii, Hypsugo savii, Nyctalus | 132 | pygmaeus/Miniopterus schreibersii, Hypsugo savii, Nyctalus | ||
| 119 | leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus, Barbastella barbastellus and Tadarida | 133 | leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus, Barbastella barbastellus and Tadarida | ||
| 120 | teniotis. The taxa most frequently detected were Pipistrellus | 134 | teniotis. The taxa most frequently detected were Pipistrellus | ||
| 121 | kuhlii/nathusii (1305 records over the ecoduct, 90 in the | 135 | kuhlii/nathusii (1305 records over the ecoduct, 90 in the | ||
| 122 | surroundings) and Nyctalus leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus (614 records | 136 | surroundings) and Nyctalus leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus (614 records | ||
| 123 | over the ecoduct, and 26 in the surroundings). These results suggest | 137 | over the ecoduct, and 26 in the surroundings). These results suggest | ||
| 124 | the existence of a funnel effect guiding bats\u2019 flight across the | 138 | the existence of a funnel effect guiding bats\u2019 flight across the | ||
| 125 | structure. The proper restoration of ecoducts and optimal connection | 139 | structure. The proper restoration of ecoducts and optimal connection | ||
| 126 | with habitats each side of the structure are considered key to the | 140 | with habitats each side of the structure are considered key to the | ||
| 127 | successful results that were obtained. The results suggest that | 141 | successful results that were obtained. The results suggest that | ||
| 128 | ecoducts play an important role in biodiversity conservation, as they | 142 | ecoducts play an important role in biodiversity conservation, as they | ||
| 129 | not only provide a crossing point for medium and large mammals, as | 143 | not only provide a crossing point for medium and large mammals, as | ||
| 130 | established in many monitoring projects, but also funnel bats\u2019 | 144 | established in many monitoring projects, but also funnel bats\u2019 | ||
| 131 | flight and even provide habitats for a high diversity of small fauna. | 145 | flight and even provide habitats for a high diversity of small fauna. | ||
| 132 | Therefore, ecoducts should be considered as important elements in the | 146 | Therefore, ecoducts should be considered as important elements in the | ||
| 133 | green infrastructure networks.", | 147 | green infrastructure networks.", | ||
| 134 | "notes_translated": { | 148 | "notes_translated": { | ||
| 135 | "en": "Large overpasses, called ecoducts or green bridges, are | 149 | "en": "Large overpasses, called ecoducts or green bridges, are | ||
| 136 | considered one of the best options for providing ecological | 150 | considered one of the best options for providing ecological | ||
| 137 | connections across linear transport infrastructures. In Catalonia (NE | 151 | connections across linear transport infrastructures. In Catalonia (NE | ||
| 138 | Spain), several ecoducts have been constructed over roads and | 152 | Spain), several ecoducts have been constructed over roads and | ||
| 139 | railways. Two of them (155 and 86 m wide) were built over the newly | 153 | railways. Two of them (155 and 86 m wide) were built over the newly | ||
| 140 | fenced C-37 road, which opened in 2009 in a mountain forest area. A | 154 | fenced C-37 road, which opened in 2009 in a mountain forest area. A | ||
| 141 | monitoring project was undertaken from November 2014 to July 2015, to | 155 | monitoring project was undertaken from November 2014 to July 2015, to | ||
| 142 | determine which species of invertebrates and vertebrates used the | 156 | determine which species of invertebrates and vertebrates used the | ||
| 143 | structures and their surroundings. Different monitoring techniques | 157 | structures and their surroundings. Different monitoring techniques | ||
| 144 | were applied, including invertebrate and small mammal traps, photo and | 158 | were applied, including invertebrate and small mammal traps, photo and | ||
| 145 | video cameras, bird censuses and bat detectors. This presentation | 159 | video cameras, bird censuses and bat detectors. This presentation | ||
| 146 | focuses on invertebrates and bats, which are often excluded from | 160 | focuses on invertebrates and bats, which are often excluded from | ||
| 147 | monitoring of wildlife passages. Invertebrates were captured in the | 161 | monitoring of wildlife passages. Invertebrates were captured in the | ||
| 148 | ground layer in a network of 27 sample points. Entomology nets were | 162 | ground layer in a network of 27 sample points. Entomology nets were | ||
| 149 | used to capture animals found in the herbaceous vegetation and bushes. | 163 | used to capture animals found in the herbaceous vegetation and bushes. | ||
| 150 | The taxa determination was undertaken with the help of binocular | 164 | The taxa determination was undertaken with the help of binocular | ||
| 151 | equipment (an in-depth study of the samples is still underway). Bats | 165 | equipment (an in-depth study of the samples is still underway). Bats | ||
| 152 | were detected by two bat detectors (Song Meter SM3, Wildlife | 166 | were detected by two bat detectors (Song Meter SM3, Wildlife | ||
| 153 | Acoustics), equipped with SMXUS microphones. Two detectors were | 167 | Acoustics), equipped with SMXUS microphones. Two detectors were | ||
| 154 | activated simultaneously from 21 to 24 h on 22 consecutive nights in | 168 | activated simultaneously from 21 to 24 h on 22 consecutive nights in | ||
| 155 | the spring. Species were identified using SonoBat V.3.3.1 and | 169 | the spring. Species were identified using SonoBat V.3.3.1 and | ||
| 156 | Avisoft-SASLab Pro V.5.2.01 software. The number of records was | 170 | Avisoft-SASLab Pro V.5.2.01 software. The number of records was | ||
| 157 | counted, and the species were determined when possible, as some | 171 | counted, and the species were determined when possible, as some | ||
| 158 | species cannot be differentiated by ultrasound registration. A total | 172 | species cannot be differentiated by ultrasound registration. A total | ||
| 159 | of 179 invertebrate taxa were identified: 45 in the ground soil and | 173 | of 179 invertebrate taxa were identified: 45 in the ground soil and | ||
| 160 | 134 in the vegetation. The most abundant and diverse groups were | 174 | 134 in the vegetation. The most abundant and diverse groups were | ||
| 161 | Heteroptera, Homoptera, Orthoptera and Coleoptera in the vegetation; | 175 | Heteroptera, Homoptera, Orthoptera and Coleoptera in the vegetation; | ||
| 162 | and Hymenoptera, Arachnida and Diplopoda in the ground layer. A total | 176 | and Hymenoptera, Arachnida and Diplopoda in the ground layer. A total | ||
| 163 | of 2,775 bat records were obtained, of which 94% were registered over | 177 | of 2,775 bat records were obtained, of which 94% were registered over | ||
| 164 | the ecoduct, and the remaining 6% in the surroundings. Most records | 178 | the ecoduct, and the remaining 6% in the surroundings. Most records | ||
| 165 | were of moving bats (95%), 3.7% were hunting, and 1% were engaged in | 179 | were of moving bats (95%), 3.7% were hunting, and 1% were engaged in | ||
| 166 | social activity. At least 11 species were identified using the | 180 | social activity. At least 11 species were identified using the | ||
| 167 | ecoduct: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposideros, Myotis | 181 | ecoduct: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposideros, Myotis | ||
| 168 | myotis/blythii, Myotis emarginatus, Myotis daubentonii/capaccinii, | 182 | myotis/blythii, Myotis emarginatus, Myotis daubentonii/capaccinii, | ||
| 169 | Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus kuhlii/nathusii, Pipistrellus | 183 | Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus kuhlii/nathusii, Pipistrellus | ||
| 170 | pygmaeus/Miniopterus schreibersii, Hypsugo savii, Nyctalus | 184 | pygmaeus/Miniopterus schreibersii, Hypsugo savii, Nyctalus | ||
| 171 | leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus, Barbastella barbastellus and Tadarida | 185 | leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus, Barbastella barbastellus and Tadarida | ||
| 172 | teniotis. The taxa most frequently detected were Pipistrellus | 186 | teniotis. The taxa most frequently detected were Pipistrellus | ||
| 173 | kuhlii/nathusii (1305 records over the ecoduct, 90 in the | 187 | kuhlii/nathusii (1305 records over the ecoduct, 90 in the | ||
| 174 | surroundings) and Nyctalus leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus (614 records | 188 | surroundings) and Nyctalus leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus (614 records | ||
| 175 | over the ecoduct, and 26 in the surroundings). These results suggest | 189 | over the ecoduct, and 26 in the surroundings). These results suggest | ||
| 176 | the existence of a funnel effect guiding bats\u2019 flight across the | 190 | the existence of a funnel effect guiding bats\u2019 flight across the | ||
| 177 | structure. The proper restoration of ecoducts and optimal connection | 191 | structure. The proper restoration of ecoducts and optimal connection | ||
| 178 | with habitats each side of the structure are considered key to the | 192 | with habitats each side of the structure are considered key to the | ||
| 179 | successful results that were obtained. The results suggest that | 193 | successful results that were obtained. The results suggest that | ||
| 180 | ecoducts play an important role in biodiversity conservation, as they | 194 | ecoducts play an important role in biodiversity conservation, as they | ||
| 181 | not only provide a crossing point for medium and large mammals, as | 195 | not only provide a crossing point for medium and large mammals, as | ||
| 182 | established in many monitoring projects, but also funnel bats\u2019 | 196 | established in many monitoring projects, but also funnel bats\u2019 | ||
| 183 | flight and even provide habitats for a high diversity of small fauna. | 197 | flight and even provide habitats for a high diversity of small fauna. | ||
| 184 | Therefore, ecoducts should be considered as important elements in the | 198 | Therefore, ecoducts should be considered as important elements in the | ||
| 185 | green infrastructure networks.", | 199 | green infrastructure networks.", | ||
| 186 | "es": "Large overpasses, called ecoducts or green bridges, are | 200 | "es": "Large overpasses, called ecoducts or green bridges, are | ||
| 187 | considered one of the best options for providing ecological | 201 | considered one of the best options for providing ecological | ||
| 188 | connections across linear transport infrastructures. In Catalonia (NE | 202 | connections across linear transport infrastructures. In Catalonia (NE | ||
| 189 | Spain), several ecoducts have been constructed over roads and | 203 | Spain), several ecoducts have been constructed over roads and | ||
| 190 | railways. Two of them (155 and 86 m wide) were built over the newly | 204 | railways. Two of them (155 and 86 m wide) were built over the newly | ||
| 191 | fenced C-37 road, which opened in 2009 in a mountain forest area. A | 205 | fenced C-37 road, which opened in 2009 in a mountain forest area. A | ||
| 192 | monitoring project was undertaken from November 2014 to July 2015, to | 206 | monitoring project was undertaken from November 2014 to July 2015, to | ||
| 193 | determine which species of invertebrates and vertebrates used the | 207 | determine which species of invertebrates and vertebrates used the | ||
| 194 | structures and their surroundings. Different monitoring techniques | 208 | structures and their surroundings. Different monitoring techniques | ||
| 195 | were applied, including invertebrate and small mammal traps, photo and | 209 | were applied, including invertebrate and small mammal traps, photo and | ||
| 196 | video cameras, bird censuses and bat detectors. This presentation | 210 | video cameras, bird censuses and bat detectors. This presentation | ||
| 197 | focuses on invertebrates and bats, which are often excluded from | 211 | focuses on invertebrates and bats, which are often excluded from | ||
| 198 | monitoring of wildlife passages. Invertebrates were captured in the | 212 | monitoring of wildlife passages. Invertebrates were captured in the | ||
| 199 | ground layer in a network of 27 sample points. Entomology nets were | 213 | ground layer in a network of 27 sample points. Entomology nets were | ||
| 200 | used to capture animals found in the herbaceous vegetation and bushes. | 214 | used to capture animals found in the herbaceous vegetation and bushes. | ||
| 201 | The taxa determination was undertaken with the help of binocular | 215 | The taxa determination was undertaken with the help of binocular | ||
| 202 | equipment (an in-depth study of the samples is still underway). Bats | 216 | equipment (an in-depth study of the samples is still underway). Bats | ||
| 203 | were detected by two bat detectors (Song Meter SM3, Wildlife | 217 | were detected by two bat detectors (Song Meter SM3, Wildlife | ||
| 204 | Acoustics), equipped with SMXUS microphones. Two detectors were | 218 | Acoustics), equipped with SMXUS microphones. Two detectors were | ||
| 205 | activated simultaneously from 21 to 24 h on 22 consecutive nights in | 219 | activated simultaneously from 21 to 24 h on 22 consecutive nights in | ||
| 206 | the spring. Species were identified using SonoBat V.3.3.1 and | 220 | the spring. Species were identified using SonoBat V.3.3.1 and | ||
| 207 | Avisoft-SASLab Pro V.5.2.01 software. The number of records was | 221 | Avisoft-SASLab Pro V.5.2.01 software. The number of records was | ||
| 208 | counted, and the species were determined when possible, as some | 222 | counted, and the species were determined when possible, as some | ||
| 209 | species cannot be differentiated by ultrasound registration. A total | 223 | species cannot be differentiated by ultrasound registration. A total | ||
| 210 | of 179 invertebrate taxa were identified: 45 in the ground soil and | 224 | of 179 invertebrate taxa were identified: 45 in the ground soil and | ||
| 211 | 134 in the vegetation. The most abundant and diverse groups were | 225 | 134 in the vegetation. The most abundant and diverse groups were | ||
| 212 | Heteroptera, Homoptera, Orthoptera and Coleoptera in the vegetation; | 226 | Heteroptera, Homoptera, Orthoptera and Coleoptera in the vegetation; | ||
| 213 | and Hymenoptera, Arachnida and Diplopoda in the ground layer. A total | 227 | and Hymenoptera, Arachnida and Diplopoda in the ground layer. A total | ||
| 214 | of 2,775 bat records were obtained, of which 94% were registered over | 228 | of 2,775 bat records were obtained, of which 94% were registered over | ||
| 215 | the ecoduct, and the remaining 6% in the surroundings. Most records | 229 | the ecoduct, and the remaining 6% in the surroundings. Most records | ||
| 216 | were of moving bats (95%), 3.7% were hunting, and 1% were engaged in | 230 | were of moving bats (95%), 3.7% were hunting, and 1% were engaged in | ||
| 217 | social activity. At least 11 species were identified using the | 231 | social activity. At least 11 species were identified using the | ||
| 218 | ecoduct: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposideros, Myotis | 232 | ecoduct: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposideros, Myotis | ||
| 219 | myotis/blythii, Myotis emarginatus, Myotis daubentonii/capaccinii, | 233 | myotis/blythii, Myotis emarginatus, Myotis daubentonii/capaccinii, | ||
| 220 | Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus kuhlii/nathusii, Pipistrellus | 234 | Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus kuhlii/nathusii, Pipistrellus | ||
| 221 | pygmaeus/Miniopterus schreibersii, Hypsugo savii, Nyctalus | 235 | pygmaeus/Miniopterus schreibersii, Hypsugo savii, Nyctalus | ||
| 222 | leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus, Barbastella barbastellus and Tadarida | 236 | leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus, Barbastella barbastellus and Tadarida | ||
| 223 | teniotis. The taxa most frequently detected were Pipistrellus | 237 | teniotis. The taxa most frequently detected were Pipistrellus | ||
| 224 | kuhlii/nathusii (1305 records over the ecoduct, 90 in the | 238 | kuhlii/nathusii (1305 records over the ecoduct, 90 in the | ||
| 225 | surroundings) and Nyctalus leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus (614 records | 239 | surroundings) and Nyctalus leisleri/Eptesicus serotinus (614 records | ||
| 226 | over the ecoduct, and 26 in the surroundings). These results suggest | 240 | over the ecoduct, and 26 in the surroundings). These results suggest | ||
| 227 | the existence of a funnel effect guiding bats\u2019 flight across the | 241 | the existence of a funnel effect guiding bats\u2019 flight across the | ||
| 228 | structure. The proper restoration of ecoducts and optimal connection | 242 | structure. The proper restoration of ecoducts and optimal connection | ||
| 229 | with habitats each side of the structure are considered key to the | 243 | with habitats each side of the structure are considered key to the | ||
| 230 | successful results that were obtained. The results suggest that | 244 | successful results that were obtained. The results suggest that | ||
| 231 | ecoducts play an important role in biodiversity conservation, as they | 245 | ecoducts play an important role in biodiversity conservation, as they | ||
| 232 | not only provide a crossing point for medium and large mammals, as | 246 | not only provide a crossing point for medium and large mammals, as | ||
| 233 | established in many monitoring projects, but also funnel bats\u2019 | 247 | established in many monitoring projects, but also funnel bats\u2019 | ||
| 234 | flight and even provide habitats for a high diversity of small fauna. | 248 | flight and even provide habitats for a high diversity of small fauna. | ||
| 235 | Therefore, ecoducts should be considered as important elements in the | 249 | Therefore, ecoducts should be considered as important elements in the | ||
| 236 | green infrastructure networks." | 250 | green infrastructure networks." | ||
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