Cambios
En el instante 25 de junio de 2026, 12:37:30 UTC,
-
Modificado el valor del campo
modified
a2026-06-25
en Road maintenance guidelines to improve wildlife conservation and traffic safety. -
Modificado el valor del campo
modified
del recurso Acceso al recurso a2026-06-25
(anteriormente2026-06-23
) en Road maintenance guidelines to improve wildlife conservation and traffic safety.
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| 79 | "name": "5eb7a6d5-cdc0-50da-b2cb-5fc162472c79", | 93 | "name": "5eb7a6d5-cdc0-50da-b2cb-5fc162472c79", | ||
| 80 | "notes": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | 94 | "notes": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | ||
| 81 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | 95 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | ||
| 82 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | 96 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | ||
| 83 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | 97 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | ||
| 84 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | 98 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | ||
| 85 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | 99 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | ||
| 86 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | 100 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | ||
| 87 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | 101 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | ||
| 88 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | 102 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | ||
| 89 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | 103 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | ||
| 90 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | 104 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | ||
| 91 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | 105 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | ||
| 92 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | 106 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | ||
| 93 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | 107 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | ||
| 94 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | 108 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | ||
| 95 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | 109 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | ||
| 96 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | 110 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | ||
| 97 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | 111 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | ||
| 98 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | 112 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | ||
| 99 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | 113 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | ||
| 100 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | 114 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | ||
| 101 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | 115 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | ||
| 102 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | 116 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | ||
| 103 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | 117 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | ||
| 104 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | 118 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | ||
| 105 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | 119 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | ||
| 106 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | 120 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | ||
| 107 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | 121 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | ||
| 108 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | 122 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | ||
| 109 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | 123 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | ||
| 110 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | 124 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | ||
| 111 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | 125 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | ||
| 112 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | 126 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | ||
| 113 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | 127 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | ||
| 114 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | 128 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | ||
| 115 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | 129 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | ||
| 116 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | 130 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | ||
| 117 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | 131 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | ||
| 118 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | 132 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | ||
| 119 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | 133 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | ||
| 120 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | 134 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | ||
| 121 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | 135 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | ||
| 122 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | 136 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | ||
| 123 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | 137 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | ||
| 124 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | 138 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | ||
| 125 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | 139 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | ||
| 126 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | 140 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | ||
| 127 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | 141 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | ||
| 128 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | 142 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | ||
| 129 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | 143 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | ||
| 130 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | 144 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | ||
| 131 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | 145 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | ||
| 132 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied.", | 146 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied.", | ||
| 133 | "notes_translated": { | 147 | "notes_translated": { | ||
| 134 | "en": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | 148 | "en": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | ||
| 135 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | 149 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | ||
| 136 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | 150 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | ||
| 137 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | 151 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | ||
| 138 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | 152 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | ||
| 139 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | 153 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | ||
| 140 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | 154 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | ||
| 141 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | 155 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | ||
| 142 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | 156 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | ||
| 143 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | 157 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | ||
| 144 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | 158 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | ||
| 145 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | 159 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | ||
| 146 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | 160 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | ||
| 147 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | 161 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | ||
| 148 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | 162 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | ||
| 149 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | 163 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | ||
| 150 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | 164 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | ||
| 151 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | 165 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | ||
| 152 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | 166 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | ||
| 153 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | 167 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | ||
| 154 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | 168 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | ||
| 155 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | 169 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | ||
| 156 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | 170 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | ||
| 157 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | 171 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | ||
| 158 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | 172 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | ||
| 159 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | 173 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | ||
| 160 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | 174 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | ||
| 161 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | 175 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | ||
| 162 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | 176 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | ||
| 163 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | 177 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | ||
| 164 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | 178 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | ||
| 165 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | 179 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | ||
| 166 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | 180 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | ||
| 167 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | 181 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | ||
| 168 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | 182 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | ||
| 169 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | 183 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | ||
| 170 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | 184 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | ||
| 171 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | 185 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | ||
| 172 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | 186 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | ||
| 173 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | 187 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | ||
| 174 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | 188 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | ||
| 175 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | 189 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | ||
| 176 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | 190 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | ||
| 177 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | 191 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | ||
| 178 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | 192 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | ||
| 179 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | 193 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | ||
| 180 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | 194 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | ||
| 181 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | 195 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | ||
| 182 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | 196 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | ||
| 183 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | 197 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | ||
| 184 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | 198 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | ||
| 185 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | 199 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | ||
| 186 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied.", | 200 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied.", | ||
| 187 | "es": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | 201 | "es": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | ||
| 188 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | 202 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | ||
| 189 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | 203 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | ||
| 190 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | 204 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | ||
| 191 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | 205 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | ||
| 192 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | 206 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | ||
| 193 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | 207 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | ||
| 194 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | 208 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | ||
| 195 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | 209 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | ||
| 196 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | 210 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | ||
| 197 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | 211 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | ||
| 198 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | 212 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | ||
| 199 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | 213 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | ||
| 200 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | 214 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | ||
| 201 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | 215 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | ||
| 202 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | 216 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | ||
| 203 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | 217 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | ||
| 204 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | 218 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | ||
| 205 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | 219 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | ||
| 206 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | 220 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | ||
| 207 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | 221 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | ||
| 208 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | 222 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | ||
| 209 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | 223 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | ||
| 210 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | 224 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | ||
| 211 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | 225 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | ||
| 212 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | 226 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | ||
| 213 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | 227 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | ||
| 214 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | 228 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | ||
| 215 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | 229 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | ||
| 216 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | 230 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | ||
| 217 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | 231 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | ||
| 218 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | 232 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | ||
| 219 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | 233 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | ||
| 220 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | 234 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | ||
| 221 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | 235 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | ||
| 222 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | 236 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | ||
| 223 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | 237 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | ||
| 224 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | 238 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | ||
| 225 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | 239 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | ||
| 226 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | 240 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | ||
| 227 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | 241 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | ||
| 228 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | 242 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | ||
| 229 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | 243 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | ||
| 230 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | 244 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | ||
| 231 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | 245 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | ||
| 232 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | 246 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | ||
| 233 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | 247 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | ||
| 234 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | 248 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | ||
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