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En el instante 23 de junio de 2026, 16:07:27 UTC,
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Modificado el valor del campo
spatial_coverage
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en Road maintenance guidelines to improve wildlife conservation and traffic safety.
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| 58 | "CEDR Transnational Road Research Programme Call 2013: Roads and | 58 | "CEDR Transnational Road Research Programme Call 2013: Roads and | ||
| 59 | Wildlife. Vol. 5", | 59 | Wildlife. Vol. 5", | ||
| 60 | "pag. 100" | 60 | "pag. 100" | ||
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| 62 | "maintainer": "", | 62 | "maintainer": "", | ||
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| 80 | "notes": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | 80 | "notes": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | ||
| 81 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | 81 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | ||
| 82 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | 82 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | ||
| 83 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | 83 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | ||
| 84 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | 84 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | ||
| 85 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | 85 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | ||
| 86 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | 86 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | ||
| 87 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | 87 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | ||
| 88 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | 88 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | ||
| 89 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | 89 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | ||
| 90 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | 90 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | ||
| 91 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | 91 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | ||
| 92 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | 92 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | ||
| 93 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | 93 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | ||
| 94 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | 94 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | ||
| 95 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | 95 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | ||
| 96 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | 96 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | ||
| 97 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | 97 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | ||
| 98 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | 98 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | ||
| 99 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | 99 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | ||
| 100 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | 100 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | ||
| 101 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | 101 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | ||
| 102 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | 102 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | ||
| 103 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | 103 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | ||
| 104 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | 104 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | ||
| 105 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | 105 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | ||
| 106 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | 106 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | ||
| 107 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | 107 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | ||
| 108 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | 108 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | ||
| 109 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | 109 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | ||
| 110 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | 110 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | ||
| 111 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | 111 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | ||
| 112 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | 112 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | ||
| 113 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | 113 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | ||
| 114 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | 114 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | ||
| 115 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | 115 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | ||
| 116 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | 116 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | ||
| 117 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | 117 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | ||
| 118 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | 118 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | ||
| 119 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | 119 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | ||
| 120 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | 120 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | ||
| 121 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | 121 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | ||
| 122 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | 122 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | ||
| 123 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | 123 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | ||
| 124 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | 124 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | ||
| 125 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | 125 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | ||
| 126 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | 126 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | ||
| 127 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | 127 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | ||
| 128 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | 128 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | ||
| 129 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | 129 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | ||
| 130 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | 130 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | ||
| 131 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | 131 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | ||
| 132 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied.", | 132 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied.", | ||
| 133 | "notes_translated": { | 133 | "notes_translated": { | ||
| 134 | "en": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | 134 | "en": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | ||
| 135 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | 135 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | ||
| 136 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | 136 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | ||
| 137 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | 137 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | ||
| 138 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | 138 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | ||
| 139 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | 139 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | ||
| 140 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | 140 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | ||
| 141 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | 141 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | ||
| 142 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | 142 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | ||
| 143 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | 143 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | ||
| 144 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | 144 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | ||
| 145 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | 145 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | ||
| 146 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | 146 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | ||
| 147 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | 147 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | ||
| 148 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | 148 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | ||
| 149 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | 149 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | ||
| 150 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | 150 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | ||
| 151 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | 151 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | ||
| 152 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | 152 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | ||
| 153 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | 153 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | ||
| 154 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | 154 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | ||
| 155 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | 155 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | ||
| 156 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | 156 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | ||
| 157 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | 157 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | ||
| 158 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | 158 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | ||
| 159 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | 159 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | ||
| 160 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | 160 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | ||
| 161 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | 161 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | ||
| 162 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | 162 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | ||
| 163 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | 163 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | ||
| 164 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | 164 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | ||
| 165 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | 165 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | ||
| 166 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | 166 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | ||
| 167 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | 167 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | ||
| 168 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | 168 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | ||
| 169 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | 169 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | ||
| 170 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | 170 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | ||
| 171 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | 171 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | ||
| 172 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | 172 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | ||
| 173 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | 173 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | ||
| 174 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | 174 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | ||
| 175 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | 175 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | ||
| 176 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | 176 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | ||
| 177 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | 177 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | ||
| 178 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | 178 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | ||
| 179 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | 179 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | ||
| 180 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | 180 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | ||
| 181 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | 181 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | ||
| 182 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | 182 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | ||
| 183 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | 183 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | ||
| 184 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | 184 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | ||
| 185 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | 185 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | ||
| 186 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied.", | 186 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied.", | ||
| 187 | "es": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | 187 | "es": "In recent decades, significant efforts have been made, and | ||
| 188 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | 188 | a considerable amount of money has been invested in designing and | ||
| 189 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | 189 | constructing wildlife measures on road networks. These measures help | ||
| 190 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | 190 | to reduce habitat fragmentation and to prevent road kill of wildlife | ||
| 191 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | 191 | due to transportation infrastructure. Such measures may be limited in | ||
| 192 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | 192 | their effectiveness by the lack of appropriate maintenance. Moreover, | ||
| 193 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | 193 | road verges and other green areas linked to roads and railways have | ||
| 194 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | 194 | been highlighted as wildlife habitats that could play a role in | ||
| 195 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | 195 | enhancing biodiversity conservation and ecological connectivity, | ||
| 196 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | 196 | particularly in densely populated areas. In this regard, maintenance | ||
| 197 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | 197 | practices emerge as a fundamental factor in reducing long-term road | ||
| 198 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | 198 | impacts. The aim of our study was: i) to provide an overview of | ||
| 199 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | 199 | current road maintenance practices regarding wildlife in Europe, ii) | ||
| 200 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | 200 | to identify opportunities and best practices that enable adaptive | ||
| 201 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | 201 | management of wildlife-related issues, and iii) to provide guidelines | ||
| 202 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | 202 | for road maintenance to reduce hazards for road users and wildlife, | ||
| 203 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | 203 | enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the European Green | ||
| 204 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | 204 | Infrastructure. We interviewed 24 professionals involved in road | ||
| 205 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | 205 | maintenance from 11 European countries, carried out a literature | ||
| 206 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | 206 | review, and organised a workshop that brought together road and | ||
| 207 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | 207 | wildlife experts. The final output was a set of guidelines for the | ||
| 208 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | 208 | maintenance of roads and their surroundings from an ecological | ||
| 209 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | 209 | perspective. Most relevant ones have been included in the Roads and | ||
| 210 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | 210 | Wildlife Manual, published by the Conference of European Directors of | ||
| 211 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | 211 | Roads (CEDR) in 2018. Road managers are recommended to adopt a | ||
| 212 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | 212 | flexible strategy and a lifecycle approach to guarantee the long-term | ||
| 213 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | 213 | effectiveness of wildlife mitigation measures, to identify better | ||
| 214 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | 214 | cost-efficient strategies and to use wildlife conservation | ||
| 215 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | 215 | opportunities. Appropriate road\u2013wildlife maintenance strategies | ||
| 216 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | 216 | should include: i) standards for wildlife mitigation measures to be | ||
| 217 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | 217 | met according to both the instructions provided by designers and | ||
| 218 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | 218 | constructors, and the road safety and operational requirements; ii) | ||
| 219 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | 219 | scheduling inspection and maintenance tasks adapted to the local | ||
| 220 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | 220 | conditions of wildlife and habitats; iii) establishing procedures for | ||
| 221 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | 221 | identifying conflicts or deviations and how to solve them; iv) | ||
| 222 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | 222 | defining proper training programmes for maintenance crews; v) defining | ||
| 223 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | 223 | methods for monitoring and reporting in compliance with standards, and | ||
| 224 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | 224 | disseminating this information to road planners and other stakeholders | ||
| 225 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | 225 | involved. Instructions for the inspection and maintenance of wildlife | ||
| 226 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | 226 | fencing and screens, wildlife crossing structures and wildlife | ||
| 227 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | 227 | awareness devices are provided to improve traffic safety, and to | ||
| 228 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | 228 | funnel animals to safe crossing points. Additionally, a number of Best | ||
| 229 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | 229 | Management Practices (BMPs) on maintenance of road verges, landscaped | ||
| 230 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | 230 | areas, retention ponds, and other aquatic habitats associated with | ||
| 231 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | 231 | drainage systems are described. Attention must be paid to avoid the | ||
| 232 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | 232 | risk of creating ecological traps, i.e., habitats that attract animals | ||
| 233 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | 233 | to areas with a high mortality risk. Early detection and removal of | ||
| 234 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | 234 | alien invasive species, that could damage local habitats or species, | ||
| 235 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | 235 | is also envisaged as a critical factor to be applied to road | ||
| 236 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | 236 | maintenance procedures. An overall strategy that considers and | ||
| 237 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | 237 | integrates information on the maintenance of wildlife mitigation | ||
| 238 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | 238 | measures and roadside habitat management will provide appropriate risk | ||
| 239 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied." | 239 | assessment and identify the BMPs that have to be applied." | ||
| 240 | }, | 240 | }, | ||
| 241 | "num_resources": 1, | 241 | "num_resources": 1, | ||
| 242 | "num_tags": 2, | 242 | "num_tags": 2, | ||
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