The region of Campo de Cartagena - Mar Menor is located in the Region of Murcia, a space located in the Southeast of the Iberian Peninsula, which features a semi- arid Mediterranean climate and structural drought. Water scarcity has motivated that, since Antiquity, its inhabitants tried to manage it efficiently to overcome the limitations in terms of development. Provisioning through local resources paralleled the search for new foreign flows to increase the supply of water resources. The arrival in 1945 of the waters from the Taibilla River was the symbol of progress for the city of Cartagena, extended to the rest of the region in subsequent years, by materializing what had been a dream since the previous centuries: to achieve a supply of continuous and secured drinking water. In recent decades, the region has been a place of deep transformations such as population growth, intensification of agriculture or the development of the tourism and industrial sector, which commits to water supply. Given the increase in demand, it has been necessary to increase sources of supply, such as the Tagus-Segura Transfer or the use of new water resources such as desalination.