Wildlife is under increasing pressure from environmental change, including habitat loss and fragmentation with increasing additional non-natural mortality due to roads. To understand the effects of roads on wildlife populations, and identify critical areas to prioritize actions, transportation and conservation managers and policymakers need to know how species respond towards roads. For decades predicting the effects of roads on wildlife populations has remained a challenge for conservation biologists due to the complexity of species data and the analysis of species-road interactions. We see an urgent need to move beyond the quantification of road-kills and evaluate the population-level consequences using advanced modeling approaches to address species vulnerability to road systems and where population viability risks are highest. We suggest using a high level assessment and macroecological approach as …